The Sleuth Kit

The Sleuth Kit™ (TSK) is a library and collection of command line tools that allow you to investigate disk images. The core functionality of TSK allows you to analyze volume and file system data. The plug-in framework allows you to incorporate additional modules to analyze file contents and build automated systems. The library can be incorporated into larger digital forensics tools and the command line tools can be directly used to find evidence.

For full command-line reference: http://wiki.sleuthkit.org/index.php?title=TSK_Tool_Overview